Jürgen Schrezenmeir, PhD, and Alexandra Jagla, Ph.D.
Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Federal Dairy Research Center, Kiel, Germany
Type 1 diabetes is based on autoimmunity, and its development is in part determined by environmental factors. Among those, milk intake is discussed to play a pathogenic role. Geographical and temporal relations between type 1 diabetes prevalence and cow’s milk consumption have been found in ecological studies. Continue reading
Tuula H. Vesa, PhD, Philippe Marteau, PhD, MD, and Riitta Korpela, PhD
Foundation for Nutrition Research, Helsinki, Finland (T.H.V., R.K.) and Laennec Hospital, Paris, France (P.M.)
Lactose maldigestion has been under intensive research since its discovery in the 1960’s. We know the prevalence of lactose maldigestion in a great number of countries and races. However, often there is no provision made for secondary type of maldigestion, and the study populations have sometimes been selected rather than picked at random. Continue reading
Gregory D. Miller, PhD, Douglas D. DiRienzo, PhD, Molly E. Reusser, BA, and David A. McCarron, MD
National Dairy Council, Rosemont, Illinois (G.D.M., D.D.D.), Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Clinical Pharmacology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon (M.E.R., D.A.M.)
The inverse relationship between intake of dairy products and blood pressure levels was first suggested by several epidemiologic surveys in the early 1980’s that revealed low calcium intake in populations with increased prevalence of hypertension. Continue reading
Martine Heyman, PhD
National Institute of Health and Medical Research, INSERM E9925, Faculté Necker, 156 rue de Vaugirard, Paris, France
Microbial balance is an important factor in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, and yogurt or fermented milk supplementation has been proposed to control diarrheal diseases. A number of studies using animal models and clinical studies in humans have confirmed the beneficial effect of such fermented products in case of lactose intolerance, viral diarrhea or antibiotics associated diarrhea. Continue reading
Léon Guéguen, MsScAgr, and A. Pointillart, DVM, PhD
Laboratoire de Nutrition et Sécurité Alimentaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-Josas, France
This update focuses on the bioavailability of dietary calcium for humans. Fundamentals of calcium metabolism, intestinal absorption, urinary excretion and balance are recalled. Dietary factors, especially lactose and other milk components, influencing calcium bioavailability at intestinal and renal levels are reviewed. Continue reading
