Oligosaccharides in Constipation

Effects of Isomalto-Oligosaccharides on Bowel Functions and Indicators of Nutritional Status in Constipated Elderly Men

Hsiao-Ling Chen, PhD, RD, Yu-Ho Lu, MS, RN, Jiun-Jr Lin, MD, and Lie-Yon Ko, MD

Institute of Nutritional Science, School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical and Dental College (H.-L.C.), Hung Kuang Institute of Technology and Taichung Municipal Aging Care Hospital (Y.-H. L.), Taichung Municipal Aging Care Hospital (J.-J.L., L.-Y.K.), Taichung, TAIWAN, R.O.C. [hlchen@mercury.csmc.edu.tw]

Objectives: To evaluate effects of isomalto-oligosaccharides (IO) on the bowel function and nutritional status of elderly men. Continue reading

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Body Composition Changes

Assessment of Body Composition Change in a Community-Based Weight Management Program

Leslie A. Powell, MA, RD, David C. Nieman, DrPH, Chris Melby, DrPH, Kirk Cureton, PhD, Dan Schmidt, PhD, Edward T. Howley, PhD, James O. Hill, PhD, James R. Mault, MD, Heather Alexander, MS, RD, and Darby J. Stewart, PhD

Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina (L.A.P., D.C.N.), Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, (C.M.), University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver (J.O.H., J.R.M., H.A.), Colorado, Department of Exercise Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (K.C., D.J.S.), Department of Physical Education and Health Promotion, The University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, Oshkosh, Wisconsin (D.S.), Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee (E.T.H.) [niemandc@appstate.edu]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to validate the use of the leg-to-leg bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) system in assessing change in body composition over 32 weeks in overweight and obese women participating in a community weight management program. Continue reading

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Added Sugars and Diet Quality

The Role of Added Sugars in the Diet Quality of Children and Adolescents

Richard A. Forshee, PhD, and Maureen L. Storey, PhD

Georgetown Center for Food and Nutrition Policy, Georgetown University, Washington, DC [storeym@georgetown.edu]

Objective: The associations between added sugars intake and consumption of vitamins, minerals and servings of foods in the USDA Food Guide Pyramid were examined. Continue reading

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Diet Supplements Reviews and Research

In the Midst of Confusion Lies Opportunity: Fostering Quality Science In Dietary Supplement Research

Rebecca B. Costello, PhD, CNS, and Paul Coates, PhD

Office of Dietary Supplements, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland [CostellB@od.nih.gov]

The Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) was established at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) by Congress through the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994. The mission of the ODS is to strengthen knowledge and understanding of dietary supplements by evaluating scientific information, stimulating and supporting research, disseminating research results and educating the public, all in an effort to foster an enhanced quality of life and health for the U.S. population. Continue reading

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Selenium Supplements

Nutritional Selenium Supplements: Product Types, Quality, and Safety

Gerhard N. Schrauzer, PhD, CNS, FACN

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego and Biological Trace Element Research Institute, San Diego, California

Selenium supplements contain selenium in different chemical forms. In the majority of supplements, the selenium is present as selenomethionine. However, in multivitamin preparations, infant formulas, protein mixes, weight-loss products and animal feed, sodium selenite and sodium selenate are predominantly used. Continue reading

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